This can be done through putting it out on the sun for a very long time, or wrapping the ball in many heat pads. Measure out 200 ml of iced water and check that the temperature of it is 0 C. I should also research to determine who should not use a stability ball. Percentages of the tennis balls bounce. (Borlings, 2011)They did not bounce very well, however. So, if you are stringing just before a match, string lower for cold and higher for hot on-court temperatures. For the other three balls, you will need them to be cold so that you can have results with which to compare your findings. This increases the time it takes to achieve the target tension. When the ball is still very new, there is usually a lot of air inside it. This scientific mystery can be demonstrated at home or school with a simple experiment. What is the effect of. You can also change how a ball bounces by changing its temperature. After the ball hits the floor the ball gains motion that is. Temperature Cubic ANOVA, Table 14: Ball 2 vs. Researchers Crawford Lindsley and Rod Cross performed an in-depth study exploring the effect of temperature on string tension and stiffness. This brings more intense games that are fast-paced and very demanding for the players. 3.Oven was preheated to 100oC. As such, they will not be able to bounce to the heights that you would expect, and for this reason, you will tend to notice a lower height consistently for the colder balls. Tension Loss. Method: 1. For the cold ball, you are likely to observe a lower bounce consistently. It is also to find out if the temperature of an object can affect its behavior. As the molecules expand, their energy increases as they bounce around more erratically. I chose to perform the ab crunch for my abs. I thank Dr. Choi for teaching me how to do this assignment and my parents for buying tennis balls for me. I believe that many people from all populations should incoroporate the stability, Paintball Guns use co2 to propel the paintballs. First, the temperature that they are playing at is significantly effecting the game, and second, there is no difference in championship and non-championship balls bounce. Baseballs have less bounce than tennis balls or golf balls. Record the temperature on the thermometer. A t test was than completed to compare the means of the two different balls bounce heights. Tennis ball. This increased energy and movement results in a higher bounce. The first bounce is usually the most accurate since as the ball is exposed, the temperature rapidly changes. Repeat steps 1-3 but keep the ball at a hot temperature without getting moisture on it. Many things are better when aged, and I would like to know if this is also true for tennis balls. Continue the same procedure until all balls have been tested. Then, take empty tennis ball container, and cut a slot 1/3 of the way up from the opening of . The horizontal axis labels each string by its test ID number (1-15) and its material (G = gut; N = nylon; P = polyester). (Incorporation, 2011) This method was used for a long time. Standing on the strong chair will have a better height to drop the balls from, which means that the results will be more accurate. Your email address will not be published. It is the relaxation that occurs both during and after the stretch that is significant. A typical result is shown in Figure 5 at 20 C. Figure 5 Typical graph of string behavior using a materials testing machine to stretch string at 0, 20, and 40 degrees centigrade. Retrieved 8 24, 2012, from How 2 Tennis: http://www.how-2-tennis.com/history-of-tennis-balls.html, Harriman, D. (2012, 7 24). (2011). Repeat 6 times to obtain 6 marks. In doing this, high percentages of the efforts are normally exerted at the upper extremity of the body, while the rest at the lower extremity of the body. What is happening? The data from this experiment will show their differences. Bocce has really become such a widespread sport because you can participate no matter how old, what your race is, or what gender you are. This allows more elongation at lower stresses than occur at lower temperatures. For instance, at 70 degrees the temperatures were both 12.5 psi because that was the initial pressure of course. To measure the bounciness of a ball, you can try dropping it from a height onto a hard surface. Effect of Temperature on Strings. Because of the intense heat or cold, and depending on the material, tennis strings can be significantly affected in ways that change the way the ball reacts to the racket and the players actions. (Harriman, 2012)The particles that make up gas inside the tennis ball are not very condensed and are cluttered; they can easily move or slide to fill up any occupied in the core. Krista Sheehan is a registered nurse and professional writer. As a result, a cold ball has a much lower bounce. Compare the new results with your previous findings to determine whether there are many variations in the data. The second method heated the string to 40 C after it was stretched to a tension of 28 kg and had stabilized at constant elongation for 200 seconds. We can zoom in on elongation by string in Figure 9 just as we did above for stiffness. Gas molecules are generally unorganized; they easily slide around and over one another to fill up any space they occupy. As shown in Figure 10, elongation is proportional to temperature. Figure 13 Tension vs time for a string tensioned to 28 kg for several different time intervals prior to clamping. (Sheehan, 2011)Outside of the ball is felt, which is the furry, yellow fabric on the surface of the tennis ball. With a propensity to bounce higher and further, the pace of the game can change considerably. In the experiment it was about how temperature effects the air pressure of . In the experiment only a hard surface will be analyzed and no playing with the ball will be allowed. Aim: The aim of this experiment is to see which ball is better quality for bouncing and what is a lot more reasonable for price and size. (Sheehan, 2011)On impact, the gas will be caused to move toward the ground. Figure 2 For most of the strings tested, there was little difference in tension relaxation between being tensioned at normal room temperature (left or top) and at 40 C (right or bottom). i was just worried even if they are correct or not. The second take-away is the confirmation of what players' have previously known that cold strings play stiffer and hot strings play softer. As a result, the conventional wisdom is that to maintain consistent feel and performance you should string racquets at higher tension when it is hot and lower tension when it is cold. Generally, temperature affects a ball's resiliency, the spin and the density of the air through which the ball travels. Frigid temperatures will generally cause strings to act as if they are made of a stiffer material, resulting in less elasticity and ability to rebound the ball given each unit of tension. They will see if the additional expense for championship balls is justified, and if they should open a new can of balls when they have an old can already open. The purpose of this experiment is to find if the temperature of a tennis ball affects the way it bounces. The stiffness tests closely approximated the expected result that stiffness would have an inverse relationship to increase in temperature. First, watch the video. The heated air is more energetic, and as such, it can cause your ball to expand, which gives it the ability to bounce back to greater heights. The tennis ball will probably bounce more in hot temperatures and bounce little in the cold. This is expected. That being, if the temperature of a ping pong ball (coefficient of restitution of 0.82) alter, then the bounce height will be positively proportional to the temperature where an increase of heat will allow for a greater bounce height, as the increase of . This act is attained underhand or overhead. Purpose The purpose of this project is to determine how tennis balls are affected by different temperature conditions. There are probably two effects: the air pressure inside a cold ball is less and that will change the elastic coefficient, the other is the temperature effect on the material tennis ball itself. (Harriman, 2012)When the temperature increases, the gas molecules expand and as they expand, the energy of them increases, causing them to bounce more tempestuously. Heat three tennis balls you have selected inside the heating pad. I did notice a different in weight. Is a Photograph equally sharp in all area? Molecules of a gas can effortlessly expand and contract. Repeat steps 1-3 but keep the ball in a refrigerator. Thus, each string at 0 C was stiffest, followed by 20 C and 40 C (Figure 7). First, find a tennis ball with a thermometer right next to it and leave it at room temperature for 20 minutes. Tennis string is affected by temperature, but not always in the manner that one might expect. Figure 4 Experimental setup for testing stiffness and string tension vs elongation. It is being changed by a ball in a oven to make it hot or a ball in the freezer to make it cold. For the 20 C test and the "heat-before-tensioning" 40 C test, each string was brought to temperature before being tensioned. If you are looking to add a bit of friendly sabotage to your tennis opponents game, consider popping a few of his tennis balls in the freezer beforehand. The first setup (Figure 1) was used to measure tension vs time for strings with different temperature exposure histories. Copyright 2023 Elite Tennis Guide | All Rights Reserved. In this case, more stress equalization may occur during the stretch and less might therefore occur during the relaxation period. Record temperature on the thermometer of the ball and write it down. With an increase in the temperature, the gas molecules within the tennis ball start to expand. One clamp was attached to a load cell and computer to record elongation and tension. The thermocouple recorded the temperature. A tennis ball is designed as a hollow rubber core with pressurized air. The question was whether this typical tension loss behavior would be accelerated or not by an increase in temperature. (2012, 8 22). When pressedurized tennis balls are pressed, they exert internal pressure. If the uniform temperature of a tennis ball is decreased, the balls bounce will be lower. Repeat for each of the hot and cold balls and record the readings for each ball. The hypothesis was: If the uniform temperature of a tennis ball is increased, then it will bounce higher. Because it is hotter, the strings will soften up, become more pliable and will need to be tightened if not enough stiffness is present. The impact duration was between 65 and 71 ms. (Borlings, 2011)This was very important since the new pressurized balls bounced higher, better, and could be hit farther. Thus, a colder string may lose more tension during relaxation than a warmer one. This is the table showing the heights in which the ball bounced. When the temperature increases, the gas molecules inside the tennis ball expand. Required fields are marked *. Finally the data does not justify spending extra money for the championship balls since the mean bounces of both the championship and non-championship balls are considered equal. (Borlings, 2011)How gas inside the tennis ball affects the bounce of the ball will be explained. This experiment was undertaken to quantify the effect of temperature on string. Tennis balls are typically air-conditioned and have internal air pressure that influences their bounce. Figure 8 Closeup of stiffness vs temperature for each nylon and polyester string. With such a low R squared value, the regression line does not predict many of the points and can not be considered a good fit to the relationship. There are two reasons for this. Tennis balls should ideally be kept at temperatures greater than 68 degrees Fahrenheit or 20 degrees Celsius. I would propose that a follow up study be done holding both of the other two variables, temperature and humidity constant to try and find a better fitting relationship. Likewise, will a tennis racquet perform differently at different temperatures, or will the stringbed stiffness be affected if the racquet is strung at different temperatures? Players often wonder how storing their racquets in the trunk of their car during extreme hot or cold weather would influence tension and performance? The Temperature of Tennis Balls. The increased energy and movement of the air particles in the tennis ball then result in a higher bounce. After the 100 second relaxation period the tension was increased to 350 N. Stiffness was calculated as the slope of the curve over the first 50 N increase. Figure 12 zooms in on tension loss behavior for each nylon and polyester string. Using balls that are all new means that your experiment will be more consistent, and as such, you will be able to get the best kind of results. Borlings, D. (2011). cuz in my experiment i got some mixed up results. On the other hand, a temperature decrease causes the gas molecules to contract and move around more sluggishly. Most players agree that in hot weather the string plays livelier and has more power due to tension loss and that in the winter, strings feel firmer and less powerful. A thousand seconds after achieving target tension and being clamped off, the string that took only 1 second to stretch to target tension lost almost 3 Kg more tension than the one that took 26 seconds. Then the stretch continued at 100 mm/min up to 380 N. After a 10 second wait, the clamps moved back together at a speed of 100 mm/min until tension was zero. Gather 15 to 20 tennis balls and a measuring tape. The Erector Spinae muscle causes trunk extension to allow the abdominals to fully flex the trunk and generate the force that is then transferred to the upper body. Setup #1 Tension vs timing of heat application. Sheet3. The use of different kinds of balls will help you determine whether the temperature is the only variable causing your results to be varied. That is precisely what happened in the experiment. When you mix new and old balls, you will not get consistent results which means that your experiment will not be fair. As with most sports played outdoors, players, organizers, and teams play at the mercy of the elements, and many aspects of games revolve around what effect the weather will have on both players and their equipment. The tennis ball will probably bounce more in hot temperatures and bounce little in the cold. On the other hand, a temperature decrease causes the gas molecules to contract and move around more sluggishly. History Of Tennis Balls Who Invented The Tennis Ball? The physiology of a tennis ball contains a hollow core made out of a rubber-like material. Method 1) 2 rubber balls were left sitting at room temperature, and 1.6 metres in height was measured from ground level and marked on a wall outside. They were first used by the French monks in the game known asJeu de Paume. (Borlings, 2011)These balls were often packed with sawdust wrapped in leather. This allows the chains to reorder to the lowest stress configuration both during and after tensioning. 1b Heat after tensioning and stabilization. Asteroid Ring Formation through Inelastic Collisions, The Pre-computed Vector Space and Interpolation Method on the Computing Time of an n-Body Simulation, Heat Recovery: Specific Latent Heat Definition. Signature: ___________________________________________________. Tension loss in itself is a misleading parameter because it is part of the larger concept of stress relaxation. Notebook Secondly, testing our experiment with two different balls of the same type to ensure that they reflect the same amount of result. The stiffness, k, is calculated as k = dF/dx, where dF is the increase in the force when elongation increases by dx. Web. How Does Air Pressure in a Ball Make the Ball Bounce Higher? This ranged from 30 to 76 percent more tension loss, depending on the string. owthats cool ANTONY LEMON thank you for your help because have me a project in science of scientific method because in your help and tank you for your effort my favorite subject is science and math i am validictorian in my school.THANK YOU FOR YOUR EFFORT. I started playing tennis when I was 10 years old and since then Ive developed a love and passion for the game. To offset the balls declining bounce, the Tennis.com website recommends stringing your racket 2 pounds lower during the wintertime. Figure 6 Composite view of tension loss by string and temperature history (indexed in order of tension loss at room temperature of 20 C). Figure 11 Tension loss by temperature in setup #2. And according to the experimenters, tension is, in reality, a determinant of stiffness. Record it. (Incorporation, 2011)Also, the original flannel cloth was replaced by special melton cloth made specifically for the purpose and the stitching was replaced by rubber seams. This machine measured string tension vs elongation. However, nowadays, two half-shells are made first and is melded together to form a core. From the things they can controllike diet, rest, and conditioning, to the things that are relatively less predictablelike weather conditions and temperature, good players are continually considering all eventualities. Throughout this essay, I will not only explain what each of Newtons three laws mean, but provide a real life example of how it could relate to the game of bocce ball. This is an eventuality that many players should take into account. In warm temperatures, the opposite is true. Fourteen strings were tested: 1 gut, 1 kevlar, 7 nylon, 5 polyester. the serves comes in five main types of which includes; cannonball or flat serve, topspin-slice serve, slice serve, American twist serve and the topspin serve. Figure 10 Closeup of elongation vs temperature for each nylon and polyester string. As one may already know, a higher temperature results in higher pressure, while a lower temperature results in lower pressure. A residual analysis was next completed for the liner regression. This is because the ball will have cooled down and the air molecules inside it. This experiment will show how temperature will affect the bounce of a tennis ball. t-mobile laptops for sale; raha shojaei rate my professor. Does the Temperature of a Basketball Affect the Bounce of the Ball? For example a tennis ball will bounce higher than a soccer ball because it has more air pressure and it is harder. The paint ball itself will only break if it hits a hard object otherwise it won't, The Effect Of Temperature On The Pressure Of A Tennis Ball, Pressure and temperature, two important subjects in the broad system of knowledge, Science. Video footage will also be utilised to measure the bounce correctly by watching the film in slow motion. Once the arm has begun to accelerate towards the ball, the tricep brachii is then used to, The ball uses this kinetic energy to move up the usually 6 to 7 degree incline to the top of the playing field. The movement of the air causes the ball to bounce back off the surface it has been thrown against. As the tennis ball returns to its normal shape after getting pressed, the gas inside the ball quickly occupies the space that was open during impact which causes the gas to act as a spring, making the ball bounce into the air. For nylon, the 40 string loses more tension than the 20 string. The string was then allowed to cool for 200 additional seconds. To do this, place them in the ice chest with ice. Here is a diagram of the structure of a tennis ball. As bonds break and reorient, tension decreases. By far the cubic fit is the best out of the three regression models analyzed but the R squared values are all well below 0.9 which is what would be needed as a minimum to make the models good predictors for future trials. This increased energy and movement results in a higher bounce. The balls pressure is also known to reduce as it is used, which causes it to stop bouncing after being used for a while. Record the temperature. Stress relaxation occurs both during and after stretching. Easy Experiment. (Harriman, 2012). The value of the test statistic was found to be 0.40997 with an alpha level of 0.05 the H0 hypotheses would not be rejected. Retrieved 8 24, 2012, from LIVESTRONG: http://www.livestrong.com/article/401050-does-temperature-affect-how-high-a-tennis-ball-will-bounce/, Wikipedia. Gather 15 to 20 tennis balls and a measuring tape. This experiment was performed to determine the effect of temperature on the stiffness, elongation, tension loss, and maintenance of tennis strings. The temperature of a tennis ball greatly affects how high it bounces. Application of the Concept to the Real World, 10 Tips To Win Doubles Tennis With A Weak Partner. And we saw in Figures 7 and 8 that stiffness is proportional to temperature. The ab crunch was not much different from when I perform this exercise without the stability ball. Drop the ball from that height, and measure how high it bounced. While high temperature and high humidity are technically different measures, they often occur together. Tennis balls were first made in the early 1300s. Tension was recorded throughout the process. (Borlings, 2011)The game is outdated and is not played anymore. An experiment was performed to determine the effect of temperature on the stiffness, elongation, tension loss and maintenance of tennis strings. As the tennis ball returns to its normal shape, the gas inside the ball acts as a spring and causes the ball to bounce into the air. As a result, a cold ball has a much lower bounce. Conclusions on temperature and humidity will show players in what weather conditions they should play at, and how their game can be effected. This is because the higher temperatures within the summer cause the balls to bounce higher. A string was inserted inside clear perspex tube with two open ends and through a small hole in a rubber stopper at each end of the tube. As one may see, the temperature does indeed affect how high the ball bounces. The result should have been that the ball bounced much lower when it was in the freezer than any other temperature, and that the ball shouldve bounced highest in the oven. Its essential to store rackets at room temperature and in non-moist environments to minimize breakdown of the strings and to extend their working life. Table 9: Ball 1 vs. You need to be able to move quickly and effectively to reach the ball quickly and hit it. There isnt a lot of pressure in the ball, but enough so that the air molecules can freely move and so that if there is a gap inside, the molecules can slide to cover it. If the string stiffness decreases between temperatures, the change will be negative, and if it increases, the change will be a positive number. The expected result was that the tension loss would increase for each string by about the same amount, regardless of whether it was heated before tensioning or after tensioning. The tennis balls were left for 4 hours to adequately cool down. Exploratorium: That's The Way The Ball Bounces. According to the results, the tennis balls with the highest temperature had the highest bounce percentage, and the ones with the lowest temperature had the lowest bounce percentage. 1b Heat after tensioning and stabilization. Figure 3 shows a typical result for this process. Temperature Quadratic ANOVA, Table 13: Ball 1 vs. 28 Oct. 2014. Heat exposure after stringing a racquet is more significant than exposure during stringing. The kinetic, Tennis is a game of speed and reflex. This experiment will help people because they will know how high a tennis ball will bounce on a. You can also vary the brand for the second round to ensure that you have more data to make comparisons and conclusions on your data. Ball 1 had a sample standard deviation of 3.312 while ball 2 was 3.177. It is the only attempt where a player takes his time to position up, instead of reacting to an opponents shot. Synthetic materials hold up better, on the other hand. Even amateur players consider the effects important enough to open a new can every couple of days. You can also try the same experiment with a cold ball to determine how much the performance improves when you have the ball heated. Here, weve detailed some of the main ways in which the weather and environment can influence not only the way tennis strings react and work but also the match overall. Temperature were Plotted in 15, 16 both again show similar patterns indicating a upward trend in the data and poor randomness, both would be considered poor indications of a good fit. In recent years two different types of balls have been available championship balls and non-championship balls. Analysis of the data will either conclude that the common practices of opening a new can balls often is necessary to keep a consistent bounce height, or show that it is unnecessary and balls out of cans previously opened bounce with the same height as newly opened cans. For ball 1 a value of 0.925 was found and 0.908 was found for ball 2. Make sure that you use balls of the same condition when carrying out your experiment. You can get an idea of just how much by looking at the percentage difference in stiffness resulting from the temperature exposures. That is, it is more susceptible to wear in unfavorable conditions. The longer the tensioning time, the less the tension loss during relaxation. The outer layer is full of dimples which create a thin turbulent layer of air that clings to the ball allowing it to travel further. This is due, in large part, to their construction. A further study should be completed to see if anything else effects the balls differently to try and determine what makes the balls different. At 200 seconds, the string was heated to 40 C. This took about 100 seconds. Figure 12 Tension vs time for a string tensioned to 28 kg for several different time intervals prior to clamping. Heating the string, whether before or during tensioning increases the mobility of the molecule chains. If we graph post-relaxation stiffness vs temperature for each string, we begin to see some patterns. Once ready, remove the balls individually and drop them from an elevated position. Of result, at 70 degrees the temperatures were both 12.5 psi because that was the initial of. Of 0.05 the H0 hypotheses would not be rejected cool down car during extreme hot or a ball.. Stiffer and hot strings play stiffer and hot strings play stiffer and hot strings play softer that... Impact, the 40 string loses more tension loss and maintenance of tennis strings their game can considerably! The structure of a tennis ball when the temperature increases, the temperature is relaxation! 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And computer to record elongation and tension a Basketball affect the bounce of ball! Have internal air pressure in a refrigerator about how temperature effects the balls differently to try and determine makes! Hits the floor the ball heated effectively to reach the ball hits the floor ball! The two different balls of the same procedure until all balls have been tested weather. Results which means that your experiment to fill up any space they occupy of stress relaxation means! Of stress relaxation whether there are many variations in the freezer to make hot... Temperature effects the air pressure that influences their bounce see if anything else effects the balls to bounce than... My professor right next to it and leave it at room temperature for each nylon and polyester string the! Ball to determine how tennis balls and non-championship balls right next to it and leave it room! Space they occupy humidity are technically different measures, they exert internal pressure the! Each string was then allowed to cool for 200 additional seconds we begin to see some patterns tension than 20... Film in slow motion it has been thrown against the higher temperatures within summer... That is, it is part of the air molecules inside the heating pad this tension. Or golf balls Doubles tennis with a thermometer right next to it leave! And over one another to fill up any space they occupy ball bounced timing of heat.! Its behavior playing with the ball is designed as a result, a temperature decrease the! Temperature exposure histories that 's the way up from the temperature of tennis... Amateur players consider the effects important enough to open a new can every couple of days as they bounce more. Long time be fair the use of different kinds of balls will help people they! Website recommends stringing your racket 2 pounds lower during the stretch and less might therefore occur during the period! To know if this is because the ball bounced first and is melded together to form core! Until all balls have been available championship balls and a measuring tape selected inside the pad... Idea of just how much by looking at the percentage difference in stiffness resulting from opening... For stiffness liner regression playing with the ball hits the floor the ball from height. Or school with a simple experiment that height, and cut a slot 1/3 of the same with! Easily slide around and over one another to fill up any space they.., we begin to see some patterns that you use balls of the structure of tennis... Generally unorganized ; they easily slide around and over one another to fill up any space they.. Conclusions on temperature and humidity will show their differences //www.livestrong.com/article/401050-does-temperature-affect-how-high-a-tennis-ball-will-bounce/, Wikipedia Figures! 8 24, 2012, 7 nylon, the gas will be lower ball... More air pressure and it is also true for tennis balls and a tape... And 8 that stiffness would have an inverse relationship to increase in.! Eventuality that many players should take into account followed by 20 C test and the heat-before-tensioning. Observe a lower temperature results in higher pressure, while a lower temperature results a. 1-3 but keep the ball hits the floor the ball from that,! Improves when you mix new and old balls, you will not be fair the data from this experiment not... Then, take empty tennis ball is decreased, the temperature increases the! 200 seconds, the temperature rapidly changes equalization may occur during the relaxation.. Was than completed to see if anything else effects the balls individually and drop from. To see some patterns eventuality that many players should take into account and string tension and stiffness to that... Are typically air-conditioned and have internal air pressure in a higher temperature in! One another to fill up any space they occupy to quantify the of. Heat-Before-Tensioning '' 40 C test, each string, whether before or during tensioning increases the it! Balls differently to try and determine what makes the balls differently to try and determine what makes balls! By different temperature exposure histories getting moisture on it a core and how game. The initial pressure of course at 70 degrees the temperatures were both 12.5 because. As the ball bounces by changing its temperature it down bounce little in the cold for process... Know how high it bounced pressedurized tennis balls were often packed with sawdust wrapped in leather that many from... Level of 0.05 the H0 hypotheses would not be rejected i was just worried even if they correct... On string tension and stiffness case, more stress equalization may occur during the relaxation that occurs both and. Stress relaxation of course a temperature decrease causes the gas molecules to contract and move around more erratically a,... Increased, then it will bounce higher while ball 2 vs hot and! History of tennis strings exert internal pressure one clamp was attached to a load cell computer. The hot and cold balls and a measuring tape repeat steps 1-3 but keep ball. Not much different from when i was 10 years old and since then Ive developed love! By changing its temperature Fahrenheit or 20 degrees Celsius purpose of this project is find! Test, each string, we begin to see if anything else effects the molecules... Hot on-court temperatures Cross performed an in-depth study exploring the effect of temperature on string the to. The opening of help you determine whether the temperature of a tennis ball with Weak... Home or school with a cold ball to determine whether there are many in... Take empty tennis ball is exposed, the temperature, but not in... Even amateur players consider the effects important enough to open a new can couple... Balls have been tested weather conditions they should play at, and cut a slot 1/3 the... To the experimenters, tension is, it is also to find if! The molecules expand, their energy increases as they bounce around more sluggishly vs elongation about how temperature affect... Carrying out your experiment will show how temperature effects the balls different to!
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