The purpose of this paper is therefore to offer to business and management readers a clear overview of McGregor's ideas, their use, critique, and contribution to . ________ is the difference between a desired state and an actual state. Influencing such major management gurus such as Peter Drucker and Warren Bennis, McGregor's revolutionary Theory Y-which contends that individuals are self-motivated and self-directed-and Theory X-in which employees must be commanded and controlled-has been widely taught in business schools, industrial relations schools, psychology departments . The company usesmonetary rewards and benefits to satisfy employees lower-level needs. According to Herzberg's theory, which of the following is a Students are naturally predisposed to learn. Douglas McGregor spent the end of the 1950's and the early 1960's working on his motivation theory. What is Theory X and Theory Y referring to? B. the humanistic view of management.C. McGregor's Theory X corresponds to: A)the traditional view of management. Employees must be present from 9:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. and complete an eight-hour day, but other than that, employees have the flexibility to choose their start and stop times. 4. If an employee is not motivated, the manager will provide the employee with more responsibility and authority. Most people are not ambitious, have little desire for responsibility, and prefer to be directed. 3. workers are not capable of self-control. A step-by-step guide on applying both theories in a working environment is given below. 3. productivity remaining the same despite an increase in efficiency Employees must be present from 9:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. and complete an eight-hour day, but other than that, employees have the flexibility to choose their start and stop times. Managers follow their team members until they complete the task. 1. intrinsic reward To a relatively high degree, the ability to exercise the imagination, talent, and creative spirit in solving organizational problems are distributed, and not sparsely, among people. 4. 2. increase in productivity regardless of physical conditions "Maslow's Hierarchy and McGregor's X and Y Theory." It reduces the working hours of employees and thus reduces pressure. 5. specialization. The organizational culture is everyones responsibility, but HR must be the great driver and guardian of this new corporate environments values, principles, and assumptions that genuinely prioritize people. Theory X is the negative theory that focuses on supervision, and Theory Y is the positive theory that focuses on rewards and recognition. May 11, 2022. https://ivypanda.com/essays/maslows-hierarchy-and-mcgregors-x-and-y-theory/. Most people have little aptitude for creativity in solving organizational problems. Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Theory Y . Theory Y managers maintain more control and supervision over their employees than Theory X managers. Accounting & Finance; Business, Companies and Organisation, Activity; Case Studies; Economy & Economics; Marketing and Markets; People in Business Each assumes that the managers role is to organize resources, including people, to best benefit the company. Theory X managers focus on the high-level needs, while Theory Y managers focus on the low-level needs. McGregor's Theory Y corresponds to: 1. Student motivation is correlated with learning. Freedom Clothing has several locations in Dallas and Houston. 26. option C is correct. We are talking about a model that generated positive results in the industrial age until the end of the 20th century. Workers are willing to accept challenges and are proud of the work that they do. Identify what the employee lacks and their working style to employ the right theory that will motivate them in the right direction. Identify which of McGregor's Theory X or Theory Y corresponds with the following statement: 1. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. 5. a system that allows employees to choose to work part of a week from home. 4. . 4. the traditional view of management. McGregor's theory, also known as Theory X and Theory Y, is a management approach proposed by Douglas McGregor in his 1960 book "The Human Side of Enterprise." The theory proposes two contrasting views of human behavior at work: Theory X assumes that employees are inherently unmotivated and need to be closely monitored and controlled in order to . McGregors X and Y Theories are contrasting theories that depict two different aspects of human behavior at work. As a result, they focus on coercing and controlling their employees with punishment to get them to work toward achieving the company's objectives. According to managers who adopt McGregor's Theory X: A. people enjoy work. Workers are often micromanaged and have very little autonomy in the organization. It is the managers responsibility to identify team members requirements and select the right management style. McGregor stressed that Theory Y management does not imply a soft approach. It reduces security risks. McGregor's XY Theory of Management - The Simplest explanation ever.McGregor's Theory of Management is one of the fundamental motivational theories management. Work is a factor in peoples achievement, not just a way of survival; it is not just to pay the bills. A compressed workweek is: It increases security concerns. It is possible to observe a strong interdependence between Theory Y and enabling leadership, an attractive corporate culture for people and teams that relate to each other with trust and respect. 4. increase in productivity as pay increased It is unambitious, looking for safety above all else. (2022) 'Maslow's Hierarchy and McGregor's X and Y Theory'. McGregor created Theory X based on Maslow's lower needs on the hierarchy of needs model (food, water, necessities). . These do not require any motivation to work. We utilize security vendors that protect and It is a free ethical learning and development resource for people and organizations. Employees will avoid responsibility and seek to receive formal orders whenever possible. This enables them to modify their leadership style accordingly and create systems that motivate their workers. Students are not motivated to learn new information. Theory X and Theory Y was first proposed in 1960, by Douglas Mcgregor. If the employee becomes productive and motivated, the theory is working. 5. the humanistic view of management. 1. workers will exercise self-direction and self-control. 4. The soft approach results in a growingdesire for greater reward in exchange for diminished work output. Aliyah, a senior public relations manager, follows McGregor's Theory Y approach to management so she maintains a low level of control and supervision over her employees. Theory Y. Physical and mental tiredness during work is a natural phenomenon. T or F, Good News, a public relations agency, has a rule that employees can choose their start and end times as long as they were in the office between 9:30 a.m. and 3:30 p.m. D. Elton Mayo. 5. The main reason for this is that just as consumers seek higher-purpose relationships with brands, teams also pursue higher-purpose relationships with their employers. 2. McGregor's Theory Y corresponds to: McGregor's 1960 book, . What was the ultimate result of the Hawthorne studies? 1. McGregor's theory introduced two different management theories based on human motivation, Theory X and Theory Y. However, employees can be most productive when their work goals align with their higher-level needs. D. Herzberg's motivational factors. Theory Z is often referred to as the 'Japanese' management style, which is essentially what it is. In fact, there are very few persons who exactly correspond with Theory 'X' or Theory 'Y' assumptions. It allows two people to do one job. 5. Employees are belonging to theory X who hate work and have to be motivated or pushed to work. reward is the sole motivator for workers. Theory Y managers believe that the average worker prefers to be directed, while Theory X managers believe that people will exercise self-direction and self-control to achieve objectives to which they are committed. 5. Your email address will not be published. 1. job sharing. McGregor -Theory X and Theory Y. McGregor, an American psychologist, built upon earlier studies into the psychology of the workplace. Guha starts a new job as a programmer at a telecommunications company. Theory X is a traditional model of motivation and management. Aliyah is likely to assume that: Because our behavior tends to be consistent with our assumptions, attempts to influence others often reveal some indications, often subtle and not necessarily noticeable or aware, that those assumptions are. 1. Some employees may become sluggish when given the authority to work as per their convenience. McGregor came from a social psychology background and brought his training in this area to the field of management. Consider the same example discussed above, assuming the same manager now follows McGregors Theory Y of motivation and believes in decentralization. Guha is satisfying a physiological need. It was inspired by Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and its roots are also based in the Motivation Theory. This site is developed by Dr. Serhat Kurt. McGregors Theory X and Theory Y explained. Now, Diego focuses on being the best he can be. Work is inherently distasteful to most people, and they will attempt to avoid work whenever possible. Once those needs have been satisfied, the motivation disappears. T or F, According to the classical theory of motivation, intrinsic Hygiene factors of the two-factor theory According to McGregor, managers adopting Theory X assume that workers generally dislike work and must be forced to do their jobs. Each week she schedules posts for Instagram and Facebook and reports engagement data to her manager. It contains thousands of paper examples on a wide variety of topics, all donated by helpful students. Douglas McGregor, an American social psychologist, proposed his famous X-Y theory in his 1960 book 'The Human Side Of Enterprise'. IvyPanda. Under these conditions, people will seek responsibility. But what does it mean in practice? These do not require any motivation to work. They can only be made to get results at work by the application of coercive methods and by direction. 3.0 Managers are, in essence, managers who believe in Theory Y assumptions for leading teams. Integrity Health Alliance, a health care company, allows its employees to work at home a few days per week, staying connected via email, phone, and videoconference calls. An average employee seeks responsibility to become more motivated. The person primarily associated with the Hawthorne studies is Theory Y clarifies that through the right organizational environment, the development of human resources is much more optimized and can be better used. Douglas McGregor (1960, 1966) classified managers' attitudes or belief system, which he called assumptions, as Theory X and Y. McGregor's Theory X perspective. McGregor's Theory Y matches much of Maslow's self-actualization level of motivation. In contrast to Theory Y, McGregor suggested that conventional managers assume that people are lazy (which he called Theory X), avoid responsibility, and need coercion and control. Application of Vroom's Theory of Expectancy, Theory X - 'Authoritarian Management' Style, Theory Y - 'Participative Management' Style, Tools for Teaching, Understanding and Evaluating XY Theory Factors, McClelland's Achievement-Based Motivational Theory and Models, 2. E. William Ouchi. Employees dislike their work and try to avoid completing it as much as possible. McGregor himself pointed out that there are situations in which Theory X might be an alternative in some situations, just as Theory Y might not be a good choice in others. The approach focuses on persuading employees to complete work by motivating them with incentives and punishing them if they cannot complete the task. 3. While McGregors theory was developed to improve motivation in the workplace, it has been recently used in the school system. They believe that the following statements are true of workers: 1. Need a custom Coursework sample written from scratch by They failed to incite change. Which of the following is a hallmark of the Hawthorne effect? The average person dislikes work and will avoid it if he/she can. If Theory Y holds true, an organization can apply the followingprinciples of scientific management to improve employee motivation: If properly implemented, such an environment canincrease and continually fuelmotivation as employees work to satisfy their higher-level personal needs through their jobs. Motivation and Engagement is an essential part: You will learn how engagement relates to motivation, get introduced to difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and get to know the CHAMPFROGS model, the ten motivators and how to use the Moving Motivator Cards to learn about individual motivators of people. 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